Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is a malignancy that originates in the cells of the breast. It is one of the most common cancers worldwide and can affect both men and women, though it is far more common in women.
Types:
The main types include ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), which is confined to the ducts, and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), which spreads beyond the ducts into the surrounding breast tissue. Other types include lobular carcinoma, inflammatory breast cancer, and triple-negative breast cancer.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of breast cancer include a lump or mass in the breast or underarm, changes in breast shape or size, unusual discharge from the nipple, and skin changes such as redness or dimpling.
Diagnosis
Breast cancer is typically diagnosed through a combination of imaging tests like mammograms, ultrasounds, and MRIs, alongside biopsy procedures to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
Treatment
Treatment options vary based on the stage and type of breast cancer and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy. Early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes and survival rates.
Prevention and Screening
Regular screening through mammograms and self-examinations can help detect breast cancer early, potentially before symptoms appear. Lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy weight and limiting alcohol consumption, can also reduce the risk.
